Ukuhlonzaiodide ye-potassiumInombolo Yokubhalisa ye-CAS7681-11-0
Impahla ebonakalayo:
Izakhiwo: Ikristalu engenambala, eye-cubic crystal system.Ayinaphunga, inokunambitheka okubabayo nokunosawoti okuqinile.
Ukuminyana (g/ml 25oC): 3.13
Iphuzu elincibilikayo (OC): 681
Iphoyinti lokubilisa (OC, ukucindezela komkhathi): 1420
Inkomba ye-Refractive (n20/d): 1.677
Iphoyinti le-Flash (OC,): 1330
Umfutho we-vapor (kPa, 25oC): 0.31 mm Hg
I-Solubility: kulula ukudliwa emoyeni omanzi.Uma kuvezwa ukukhanya nomoya, i-iodine yamahhala ingahlukaniswa futhi ibe phuzi, okulula ukuyishintsha ibe phuzi esixukwini esine-asidi esimanzi.Incibilika kalula emanzini futhi ibamba ukushisa kakhulu lapho incibilika.Incibilika ku-ethanol, i-acetone, i-methanol, i-glycerol ne-hydrogen enguketshezi, futhi inyibilika kancane ku-ether.
Umsebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa:
1. uma kuvezwe ekukhanyeni noma kubekwe emoyeni isikhathi eside, kungadabula i-iodine yamahhala bese kuphuzi.Kulula ukwenza i-oxidize bese iphenduka ibe phuzi kusisombululo esinamanzi esine-asidi.
2. iphenduka ibe phuzi kalula kwingxube enamanzi ene-asidi.I-Potassium iodide iyi-cosolvent ye-iodine.Lapho incibilika, yenza i-potassium triiodide ne-iodine, futhi lezi zintathu ziyalingana.
3. I-potassium iodide iyisivikeli se-iodine evunyelwe yokudla, engasetshenziswa ekudleni kwezinsana ngokuvumelana nemithetho yaseShayina.Umthamo ngu-0.3-0.6mg/kg.Ingabuye isetshenziselwe usawoti wetafula.Umthamo ungama-30-70 ml / kg.Njengengxenye ye-thyroxine, i-iodine ibamba iqhaza kumetabolism yazo zonke izinto emfuyweni nasezinkukhuni futhi igcina ibhalansi yokushisa yangaphakathi.Kuyi-hormone ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuzalweni kwemfuyo nezinkukhu.Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula kwemfuyo nezinkukhu futhi ikhuthaze impilo yomzimba.Uma umzimba wemfuyo nezinkukhu untula i-iodine, kuzoholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, i-goiter, kuthinte ukusebenza kwezinzwa, umbala wesikhumba kanye nokugaya ukudla nokumuncwa, futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekukhuleni kancane nokuthuthuka.
Incibilika kalula emanzini futhi ibamba ukushisa lapho incibilika.I-solubility emanzini angu-100g ngu-127.5g (0 ℃), 144g (20 ℃), 208g (100 ℃).Uma kunomoya omanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide, izobola futhi ibe phuzi.Incibilika ku-methanol, i-ethanol ne-glycerol.Iodine incibilika kalula kwisisombululo esinamanzi se-potassium iodide.Iyanciphisa futhi ingafakwa i-oxidized ngama-oxidizing agents afana ne-hypochlorite, i-nitrite nama-ion ferric ukuze kukhululwe iodine yamahhala.Iyabola lapho ibekwe ekukhanyeni, ngakho kufanele igcinwe endaweni evalekile, emnyama nepholile.Ngaphezu kokusetshenziselwa umuthi nokuthatha izithombe, ibuye isetshenziswe njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya.
Izakhiwo nokuzinza:
1. I-potassium iodide ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-corrosion inhibitor ekukhetheni insimbi noma i-synergist yamanye ama-corrosion inhibitors.I-Potassium iodide iyimpahla eluhlaza yokulungisa iodide nodayi.Isetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier yezithombe, isithasiselo sokudla, i-expectorant kanye ne-diuretic kwezokwelapha, umuthi wokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-goiter kanye ne-hyperthyroidism ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kanye ne-reagent yokuhlaziya.Isetshenziswa embonini yezithombe njenge-photosensitive emulsifier, esetshenziswa futhi njengomuthi nezithasiselo zokudla.
2. esetshenziswa njengesengezo sokuphakelayo.Iodine, njengengxenye ye-thyroxine, ibamba iqhaza kumetabolism yazo zonke izinto emfuyweni nasezinkukhuni futhi igcina ibhalansi yokushisa emzimbeni.Iodine iyihomoni ebalulekile ekukhuleni, ekuzalaneni nasekunceliseni imfuyo nezinkukhu.Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula kwemfuyo nezinkukhu futhi ikhuthaze impilo yomzimba.Uma umzimba wemfuyo nezinkukhu untula i-iodine, kuzoholela ezinkingeni ze-metabolic, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, i-goiter, kuthinte ukusebenza kwezinzwa, ukugaya kanye nokumuncwa kombala wejazi nokudla, futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekukhuleni kancane nasekuthuthukisweni.
3. imboni yokudla ikusebenzisa njengesengezo sokudla okunomsoco (i-iodine fortifier).Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesengezo sokudla.
4. esetshenziswa njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya, njengokulungisa isixazululo esijwayelekile se-iodine njengesisebenzi esisizayo.Ibuye isetshenziswe njenge-photosensitive emulsifier kanye nesengezo sokuphakelayo.Isetshenziswa embonini yezemithi.
5. I-potassium iodide iyicosolvent ye-iodine namanye ama-iodide ensimbi angancibiliki.
6. I-potassium iodide inokusetshenziswa okubili okuyinhloko ekwelapheni okungaphezulu: okokuqala, isetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya amakhemikhali.Isebenzisa ukuncipha okuphakathi kwama-ion e-iodine namanye ama-ion oxidizing ukuze isabele ukuze ikhiqize iodine elula, bese ibala ukuhlangana kwento ehloliwe ngokunquma iodine;Okwesibili, isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-ion ensimbi.Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okujwayelekile kunjenge-ejenti eyinkimbinkimbi ye-cuprous nesiliva ku-electroplating yethusi ingxubevange yesiliva.
Indlela yokwenziwa:
1. okwamanje, indlela yokunciphisa i-formic acid isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-potassium iodide eShayina.Okusho ukuthi, i-iodide ye-potassium ne-iodate ye-potassium kukhiqizwa ngokusebenzisana kwe-iodine ne-potassium hydroxide, bese i-potassium iodate iyancipha nge-formic acid noma amalahle.Kodwa-ke, i-iodate ikhiqizwa ngale ndlela, ngakho-ke umkhiqizo akufanele usetshenziswe njengesengezo sokudla.I-iodide ye-potassium yezinga lokudla ingakhiqizwa ngendlela yokufaka insimbi.
Indlela yokugcina:
1. izogcinwa endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile, engenamoya futhi emnyama.Izovikeleka emvuleni naselanga ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
2. isibambo ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokulayisha nokuthulula.Ukudlidliza kanye nomthelela kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele.Uma kuba nomlilo, kungasetshenziswa izicishamlilo zesihlabathi nesikhutha.
Idatha ye-Toxicology:
Ubuthi obunamandla: ld50:4000mg/kg (ukuphathwa ngomlomo kumagundane);4720mg/kg (unogwaja percutaneous).
I-Lc50:9400mg/m3, 2h (ukuhogela igundane)
Idatha yemvelo:
Kuyingozi kancane emanzini.Ungakhiphi okokusebenza endaweni ezungezile ngaphandle kwemvume kahulumeni
Idatha yesakhiwo samangqamuzana:
1. Inkomba ye-Molar refractive: 23.24
2. Ivolumu ye-Molar (m3/mol): 123.8
3. Ivolumu eqondile ye-Isotonic (90.2k): 247.0
4. Ukushuba kobuso (dyne/cm): 15.8
5. I-polarizability (10-24cm3): 9.21
Bala idatha yamakhemikhali:
1. Inani eliyisethenjwa lesibalo sepharamitha ye-hydrophobic (xlogp): 2.1
2. Inani labanikeli bebhondi ye-hydrogen: 0
3. Inombolo yama-hydrogen bond receptors: 6
4. Inombolo yamabhondi amakhemikhali ashintshayo: 3
5. I-Topological molecular polarity surface (TPSA): 9.2
6. Inani lama-athomu asindayo: 10
7. Ukushaja okungaphezulu: 0
8. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi: 107
9. Inani lama-athomu e-isotope: 0
10. Thola inani lezikhungo zesakhiwo se-athomu: 0
11. Inombolo ye-atomic stereocenter engapheli: 1
12. Thola inani lezikhungo zokuhlanganisa amabhondi amakhemikhali: 0
13. Inombolo yezikhungo zokuhlanganisa ibhondi yamakhemikhali engapheli: 0
14. Inombolo yamayunithi ebhondi ehlangene: 1
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-24-2022