Umsebenzi owaziwa kakhulu we-melatonin ukuthuthukisa izinga lokulala (umthamo we-0.1 ~ 0.3mg), unciphise isikhathi sokuvuka nesikhathi sokulala ngaphambi kokulala, uthuthukise izinga lokulala, unciphise kakhulu inani lokuvuka ngesikhathi sokulala, ufinyeze isigaba sokulala esincane, ukwandisa isikhathi eside. isigaba sokulala okujulile, futhi wehlise umkhawulo wokuvuka ngakusasa ekuseni.Inomsebenzi oqinile wokulungisa umehluko wesikhathi.
Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke se-melatonin ukuthi iyi-endogenous free radical scavenger enamandla kakhulu etholakala kuze kube manje.Umsebenzi oyisisekelo we-melatonin ukubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-antioxidant futhi uvimbele amaseli emonakalweni we-oxidative.Kulokhu, ukusebenza kwayo kudlula zonke izinto ezaziwayo emzimbeni.Ucwaningo lwakamuva luye lwafakazela ukuthi uMT ungumkhuzi oyinhloko we-endocrine, olawula imisebenzi yezindlala ezihlukahlukene ze-endocrine emzimbeni.Inemisebenzi elandelayo:
Ukuvimbela izinguquko ze-pathological
Ngenxa yokuthi i-MT kulula ukungena kumaseli, ingasetshenziswa ukuvikela i-nuclear DNA.Uma i-DNA yonakele, ingaholela emdlavuzeni.
Uma kuneMel eyanele egazini, akulula ukuthola umdlavuza.
Lungisa isigqi se-circadian
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin kune-circadian rhythm.Ngemuva kokuhlwa, ukugqugquzelwa kokukhanya kuba buthaka, umsebenzi we-enzyme we-melatonin synthesis ku-pineal gland uyakhula, futhi izinga lokuphuma kwe-melatonin emzimbeni liyakhula ngokulinganayo, lifinyelela inani eliphakeme ngo-2-3 ekuseni izinga le-melatonin ebusuku lithinta ngqo ikhwalithi. yokulala.Ngokukhula kweminyaka, indlala ye-pineal iyancipha kuze kubalwe, okuholela ekwehleni noma ekunyamaleni kwesigqi sewashi lezinto eziphilayo, Ikakhulukazi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-35, izinga le-melatonin elikhiqizwa umzimba lehla kakhulu, ngokuncipha okuphakathi kwe-10. -15% njalo eminyakeni eyi-10, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokulala kanye nochungechunge lwezinkinga zokusebenza.Ukuncipha kwezinga le-melatonin nokulala kungenye yezimpawu ezibalulekile zokuguga kobuchopho bomuntu.Ngakho-ke, isithasiselo se-melatonin in vitro singagcina izinga le-melatonin emzimbeni esimweni esincane, silungise futhi sibuyisele isigqi se-circadian, esingagcini nje ngokujulisa ubuthongo, kodwa futhi sithuthukise izinga lokuphila, Ukwenza ngcono izinga lokulala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa isimo sokusebenza somzimba wonke, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila nokubambezela inqubo yokuguga.
I-Melatonin iwuhlobo lwehomoni olungadala ubuthongo bemvelo.Inganqoba ukuphazamiseka kokulala futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yokulala ngokulawula ukulala kwemvelo.Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-melatonin namanye amaphilisi okulala ukuthi i-melatonin ayinakho ukulutheka futhi ayinayo imiphumela emibi esobala.Ukuthatha amaphilisi angu-1-2 (cishe i-1.5-3mg melatonin) ngaphambi kokulala ebusuku ngokuvamile kungabangela ukozela phakathi kwemizuzu engu-20 kuya kwengama-30, kodwa i-melatonin izolahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle ngemva kokuntwela kokusa ekuseni, Ngemva kokuvuka, ngeke kube khona umuzwa ukukhathala, ukozela nokungakwazi ukuvuka.
Libazisa ukuguga
I-pineal gland yabantu asebekhulile iyancipha kancane kancane futhi imfihlo ye-Mel iyancipha ngokufanayo.Ukuntuleka kweMel edingwa izitho ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni kuholela ekugugeni nasezifo.Ososayensi babiza indlala ye-pineal ngokuthi “iwashi lokuguga” lomzimba.Sengeza uMel emzimbeni, bese singabuyisela emuva iwashi lokuguga.Ekwindla ka-1985, ososayensi basebenzisa amagundane anezinyanga ezingu-19 (iminyaka engu-65 ubudala kubantu).Izimo zokuphila nokudla kweqembu A kanye neqembu B zazifana ncamashi, ngaphandle kokuthi uMel wayenezelwa emanzini okuphuza eqembu A ebusuku, futhi akukho nto eyayinezelwa emanzini okuphuza eqembu B. Ekuqaleni, kwakungekho manzi okuphuza eqembu B. umehluko phakathi kwamaqembu amabili.Kancane kancane, kwaba khona umehluko omangalisayo.Amagundane eqembu B ayeseguga ngokusobala: isisindo semisipha sanyamalala, amabala anempandla amboze isikhumba, i-dyspepsia kanye ne-cataract emehlweni.Sekukonke, amagundane kuleli qembu ayesekhulile futhi efa.Kuyamangaza ukuthi amagundane eqembu A aphuza amanzi eMel njalo ebusuku adlala nabazukulu bawo.Umzimba wonke unezinwele eziwugqinsi eziwugqinsi, uyakhazimula, ugayekile kahle, futhi awukho ulwelwesi lwamehlo emehlweni.Ngokuqondene nesilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila kwawo, amagundane eqembu B wonke ahlupheka isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezingama-24 (okulingana neminyaka engama-75 ubudala kubantu);Isilinganiso sokuphila kwamagundane eqenjini A yizinyanga ezingama-30 (iminyaka eyi-100 yokuphila komuntu).
Umphumela wokulawula ohlelweni lwezinzwa olumaphakathi
Inani elikhulu lezifundo zemitholampilo nezokuhlola ziye zabonisa ukuthi i-melatonin, njenge-hormone ye-neuroendocrine engapheli, inokulawula okuqondile nokungaqondile kwe-physiological ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi, inomphumela wokwelapha ezinkingeni zokulala, ukucindezeleka kanye nezifo zengqondo, futhi inomphumela wokuvikela kumaseli ezinzwa. .Isibonelo, i-melatonin inomphumela wokudambisa, ingakwazi futhi ukwelapha ukucindezeleka kanye nengqondo, ingavikela izinzwa, ingakwazi ukukhulula ubuhlungu, ilawule ukukhululwa kwamahomoni ku-hypothalamus, njalonjalo.
Ukulawulwa kwamasosha omzimba
I-Neuroendocrine nesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ihlobene.Amasosha omzimba kanye nemikhiqizo yawo angashintsha umsebenzi we-neuroendocrine.Izimpawu ze-Neuroendocrine nazo zithinta umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba.Eminyakeni eyishumi yamuva nje, umphumela olawulayo we-melatonin esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni uye wadonsa ukunaka okubanzi.Ucwaningo lwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe lubonisa ukuthi akuthinti nje ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zokuzivikela, kodwa futhi kulawula ukuzivikela kwe-humoral kanye namaselula, kanye nama-cytokines.Isibonelo, i-melatonin ingalawula ukuzivikela kwamaselula kanye ne-humoral, kanye nemisebenzi yezinhlobonhlobo zama-cytokines.
Ukulawulwa kwesistimu yenhliziyo
I-Mel iwuhlobo lwesignali yokukhanya enemisebenzi eminingi.Ngokushintsha ukukhishwa kwayo, ingadlulisela ulwazi lomjikelezo wokukhanya kwemvelo ezicutshini ezifanele emzimbeni, ukuze imisebenzi yazo esebenzayo ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zezwe langaphandle.Ngakho-ke, izinga le-serum melatonin secretion lingabonisa isikhathi esihambisanayo sosuku kanye nenkathi ehambisanayo yonyaka.Izigqi ze-circadian kanye nezesizini zezinto eziphilayo zihlobene eduze nezinguquko zezikhathi ezithile zamandla nomoya-mpilo wohlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nohlelo lokuphefumula.Umsebenzi we-vascular system unesigqi esisobala se-circadian kanye nesizini, okuhlanganisa umfutho wegazi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphuma kwenhliziyo, i-renin angiotensin aldosterone, njll. Ucwaningo lwe-Epidemiological luthole ukuthi izigameko ze-myocardial infarction nesifo senhliziyo se-ischemic zanda cishe ekuseni, okusikisela ukuthi ukuqala kokuncika kwesikhathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi kanye ne-catecholamine kwehla ebusuku.I-Mel ikhiqizwa kakhulu ebusuku, ithinta imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ye-endocrine kanye ne-biological.Ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-Mel kanye nesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi bungaqinisekiswa yimiphumela yokuhlola elandelayo: ukwanda kwe-Mel secretion ebusuku kuhlotshaniswa kabi nokuncipha komsebenzi wenhliziyo;I-Melatonin ku-pineal gland ingavimbela i-arrhythmia yenhliziyo ebangelwa ukulimala kwe-ischemia-reperfusion, ithinte ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi, ilawule ukugeleza kwegazi lobuchopho, futhi ilawule ukuphendula kwemithambo ye-peripheral ku-norepinephrine.Ngakho-ke, iMel ingalawula uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-melatonin iphinde ilawule uhlelo lokuphefumula, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla kanye nesistimu yomchamo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-22-2021